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George Balanchine: Visionary Choreographer of the 20th Century

Jessie Cox

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George Balanchine (1904-1983) was a Russian-American choreographer who revolutionized the art form of ballet in the 20th century. His innovative techniques and groundbreaking creations transformed the world of dance, establishing him as one of the most influential and celebrated choreographers of all time.

Mr. B: George Balanchine's 20th Century

by Jennifer Homans

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Language	:	English
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Print length	:	334 pages

Early Life and Training

Born in St. Petersburg, Russia, on January 22, 1904, George Balanchine was exposed to the world of dance from an early age. His father was a composer, and his mother was a ballet dancer. Balanchine began taking ballet lessons at the age of nine, and at 16 he joined the prestigious Mariinsky Ballet company.

Balanchine's early training under Russian ballet masters laid the foundation for his technical brilliance and deep understanding of classical ballet. However, he also developed a keen interest in modern dance and other forms of movement.

Emigration to the United States

In 1924, Balanchine left Russia to join Diaghilev's Ballets Russes in Paris. After Diaghilev's death in 1929, Balanchine relocated to the United States, where he would spend the rest of his life.

Balanchine's arrival in America marked a pivotal moment in his career. He began experimenting with new choreographic ideas and collaborating with leading dancers and musicians.

New York City Ballet

In 1933, Balanchine co-founded the School of American Ballet and the New York City Ballet (NYCB). NYCB became his primary artistic home, where he created over 400 ballets throughout his lifetime.

At NYCB, Balanchine had the freedom to develop his own unique choreographic style. He drew inspiration from classical ballet, modern dance, and even jazz, creating a new form of ballet that was both innovative and accessible.

Balanchine Technique

Balanchine developed a highly specific technical approach known as the Balanchine technique. This technique emphasizes speed, agility, and precision. Balanchine believed that dancers should have strong and flexible bodies, and that they should be able to move with great control and fluidity.

The Balanchine technique has become the standard training method for classical ballet dancers worldwide. It is renowned for its ability to produce dancers with exceptional technical skills and artistry.

Abstract Ballet

One of Balanchine's most significant contributions to ballet was his creation of abstract ballet. This type of ballet does not tell a story or depict characters. Instead, it focuses on the pure beauty of dance and music. Balanchine's abstract ballets often explored complex rhythmic patterns and spatial relationships.

Abstract ballet allowed Balanchine to push the boundaries of traditional ballet and create works that were both visually stunning and intellectually stimulating.

Collaborations and Legacy

Balanchine collaborated with some of the most prominent composers, designers, and dancers of his time. His collaborations with Igor Stravinsky, for example, resulted in iconic ballets such as "The Firebird" and "Agon."

Balanchine's legacy is immense. His ballets continue to be performed by dance companies around the world, and his choreographic techniques have shaped the development of ballet for generations.

George Balanchine was a visionary choreographer who transformed the art of ballet. His innovative techniques, groundbreaking creations, and enduring legacy have made him one of the most celebrated and influential figures in the history of dance.